Funded Projects

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Project # Project Title Research Focus Area Research Program Administering IC Institution(s) Investigator(s) Location(s) Year Awarded
3R01DA057630-01S1
Predicting Fatal and Non-Fatal Overdose in Los Angeles County with Rapid Overdose Surveillance Dashboard to Target Street-Based Addiction Treatment and Harm Reduction Services Cross-Cutting Research Increasing Participant Diversity, Inclusion, and Engagement in HEAL Research NIDA UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA LOS ANGELES SHOVER, CHELSEA LEIGH (contact); GOODMAN, DAVID Los Angeles, CA 2023
NOFO Title: Research Supplements to Promote Diversity in Health-Related Research (Admin Supp - Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
NOFO Number: PA-21-071
Summary:

The International Classification of Diseases 10th revision codes are insufficient to accurately identify individuals who use opioids and stimulants together. This project will search already collected electronic health record data using a computer program to identify people with polysubstance use and determine what health care they receive. The research will improve understanding of polysubstance use in a region of Los Angeles, California, with very high rates of overdoses involving fentanyl and stimulants. 
1R44DA059302-01
Development of an Opioid Sparing Therapeutic to Minimize Opioid Use Disorder and Tolerance in the Treatment of Pain Cross-Cutting Research Small Business Programs NIDA AMALGENT THERAPEUTICS, LLC MEYN, MALCOLM A Greenville, NC 2023
NOFO Title: PHS 2022-2 Omnibus Solicitation of the NIH, CDC and FDA for Small Business Innovation Research Grant Applications (Parent SBIR [R43/R44] Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
NOFO Number: PA-22-176
Summary:

Managing the risks and benefits of opioid medications can be difficult. Although prescription opioids alleviate pain for some patients, serious adverse effects include opioid use disorder. There is a critical, unmet need for new technologies that significantly minimize the opioid doses needed for effective relief from moderate to severe pain. This project will develop a novel combination treatment containing a small amount of morphine along with pramipexole, a drug approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for Parkinson’s disease and restless legs syndrome that reduces the reward-seeking behavior associated with opioids. The research will conduct safety studies to enable testing in human research participants.
1R43DA058430-01
Predicting and Preventing Adverse Maternal and Child Outcomes of Opioid Use Disorder in Pregnancy Cross-Cutting Research Small Business Programs NIDA OPALGENIX, INC. PLUMP, STEVEN R (contact); SADHASIVAM, SENTHILKUMAR Carmel, IN 2023
NOFO Title: Developing Regulated Therapeutic and Diagnostic Solutions for Patients Affected by Opioid and/or Stimulants use Disorders (OUD/StUD) (R43/R44 - Clinical Trial Optional)
NOFO Number: RFA-DA-23-021
Summary:

There is an urgent and unmet clinical need for a reliable technology to prevent maternal opioid use relapse and neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) in their infants. This project aims to assess risk for these outcomes based on individual genetic and clinical factors. The research will expand previous studies of genetic and clinical predictors of opioid-related adverse outcomes. The goal is to develop a risk predictor algorithm and software tool for use in an electronic health record, toward personalized risk assessment and prevention of maternal relapse and NOWS. 
1R43HD111082-01A1
Novel Venous Device for the Treatment of Chronic Pelvic Pain Cross-Cutting Research Small Business Programs NICHD V-FLOW MEDICAL, INC. BRENNEMAN, RODNEY San Juan Capistrano, CA 2023
NOFO Title: HEAL Initiative: Development of Therapies and Technologies Directed at Enhanced Pain Management (R43/R44 - Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
NOFO Number: RFA-NS-20-011
Summary:

Pelvic venous compression is a common cause of chronic pelvic pain in women. Because many women do not receive an accurate diagnosis for the cause of their pelvic pain, some take opioids to help manage their symptoms. This project will further develop a new diagnostic system specifically designed to treat limited blood flow in pelvic region. This system visualizes pelvic veins toward development of a method to relieve pressure that causes pain. 
1K23DA058751-01
Building and Implementing Best Practices for Buprenorphine Initiation in the Setting of Fentanyl Use Cross-Cutting Research Training the Next Generation of Researchers in HEAL NIDA UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON BHATRAJU, ELENORE Seattle, WA 2023
NOFO Title: HEAL Initiative: Career Development Awards in Implementation Science for Substance Use Prevention and Treatment (K23 - Clinical Trial Required)
NOFO Number: PAS-22-207
Summary:

This project provides protected time for training and research activities that are required for an independent scientific career in delivering evidence-based treatments for people with opioid use disorder. The increasing presence of fentanyl in the drug supply creates challenges for the use of buprenorphine, because both patients and physicians want to avoid causing withdrawal. This research will interview both patients and physicians to understand their concerns and experiences and work with them to develop a buprenorphine induction toolkit to help balance the advantages of buprenorphine treatment against concerns about the potential presence of unknown fentanyl. 
1R43HD112219-01A1
Targeted Temperature Modulation with Smart Radiometric Monitoring for Effective and Long-Lasting Opioid-Free Pelvic Pain Relief: A Novel Low-Cost, Portable, Tampon-Sized Thermal Transfer Device Cross-Cutting Research Small Business Programs NICHD H3PELVIC THERAPY SYSTEMS, INC. LYON, ZACHARY W Lewisville, NC 2023
NOFO Title: HEAL INITIATIVE: Development of Therapies and Technologies Directed at Enhanced Pain Management (R43/R44 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
NOFO Number: RFA-NS-23-006
Summary:

Pelvic pain (PP) includes more than 20 different painful and debilitating conditions, such as urinary tract infections, menstrual cramps, endometriosis, overactive bladder, and interstitial cystitis, and affects millions of people. Globally, pelvic pain affects 1 in 5 women and 1 in 12 men. This project will develop an instrument to monitor and treat pain-associated temperature changes in the pelvic region to reduce chronic pelvic pain. This novel system is intended to be used at home with personalized settings.
2R44DA050393-02
Evaluation of the Therapeutic Potential of Exclusive Antagonists of Extrasynaptic NMDA Receptors for the Treatment of Opioid Use Disorder Cross-Cutting Research Small Business Programs NIDA NEURANO BIOSCIENCE MOLOKANOVA, ELENA La Jolla, CA 2023
NOFO Title: Advancing Validated Drug Targets for Substance Use Disorders (R43/R44 - Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
NOFO Number: RFA-DA-22-023
Summary:

New and safe therapeutic targets for treating opioid use disorder are needed. One promising approach is to test drugs currently approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration that work independently of the body’s opioid system. The medication memantine targets N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors in the brain, which have been implicated in the development and maintenance of addiction. This project will study a miniature version of multiple memantine molecules bound together that attaches only to NMDA receptors that are not within nerve connections. The research will evaluate the safety, misuse potential, and effectiveness of this molecular assembly in preclinical models. 
1R41NS127637-01A1
Protease-Activated-Receptor-2 Antagonists for Treatment of Migraine Pain Cross-Cutting Research Small Business Programs NINDS PARMEDICS, INC. DEFEA, KATHRYN (contact); DUSSOR, GREGORY O Temecula, CA 2023
NOFO Title: HEAL Initiative: Development of Therapies and Technologies Directed at Enhanced Pain Management (R41/R42 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
NOFO Number: RFA-NS-20-009
Summary:

There is a need for additional effective treatments for migraine, which affects more than 36 million people in the United States. This project will develop an oral medication to disrupt the biological processes that drive migraine pain, which include nerve inflammation in response to pain signals. 
1R61DA059163-01
Supporting Data-Driven Decision-Making to Support Substance Use Service Expansion Policies and to Prevent Overdoses Cross-Cutting Research Translating Data 2 Action to Prevent Overdose NIDA CHESTNUT HEALTH SYSTEMS, INC. CRUDEN, GRACELYN Bloomington, IL 2023
NOFO Title: HEAL Initiative: HEAL Data2Action – Innovation and Acceleration Projects, Phased Awards (R61/R33, Clinical Trial Optional)
NOFO Number: RFA-DA-23-057
Summary:

Oregon ranks last in the United States for access to substance use services, having passed a novel ballot measure bringing unprecedented funding levels to expand services and decriminalize possession of personal amounts of substances. This project will develop and evaluate a strategy to inform development of the policy. Cross-sector participants (e.g., community service providers, law enforcement, advocates) will co-design protocols for linking and distributing substance use service data through reports, simulations, and dashboards. This research will test the usability of the developed products and their impact of DDS on service gaps, evidence-based decision-making, quality of evidence-based services, service recipient outcomes, and cross-sector collaboration. The research will also help state decision makers implement strategies for other substance use policies.
1R44DA058467-01
Development of a Novel Calcium Channel Therapeutic for Opioid Use Disorder Cross-Cutting Research Small Business Programs NIDA VIVREON BIOSCIENCES, LLC GREENBERG, MILTON L San Diego, CA 2023
NOFO Title: Developing Regulated Therapeutic and Diagnostic Solutions for Patients Affected by Opioid and/or Stimulants use Disorders (OUD/StUD) (R43/R44 - Clinical Trial Optional)
NOFO Number: RFA-DA-23-021
Summary:

Hospitalized patients often receive opioids for pain and sleep management, which can contribute to opioid dependence and continued use after leaving the hospital. Even when hospital stays are extended to wean people from opioids, these patients remain at increased risk for opioid use disorder and withdrawal.  This project will develop a novel small molecule medication that blocks nerve inflammation to prevent opioid dependence in hospitalized patients receiving opioids. 
3R01DA057605-01S1
Diversity Supplement - Rapid Actionable Data for Opioid Response in Kentucky (RADOR-KY) Cross-Cutting Research Increasing Participant Diversity, Inclusion, and Engagement in HEAL Research NIDA UNIVERSITY OF KENTUCKY SLAVOVA, SVETLA STEFANOVA (contact); TALBERT, JEFFERY C Lexington, KY 2023
NOFO Title: Notice of Special Interest to Encourage Eligible NIH HEAL Initiative Awardees to Apply for PA-20-222: Research Supplements to Promote Diversity in Health-Related Research (Admin Supp - Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
NOFO Number: NOT-NS-20-107
Summary:

RADOR-KY is a near real-time, state-wide surveillance system to monitor prevention and treatment services for opioid use disorder (OUD). This project will fill gaps in this system by capturing data from agencies receiving state funding to provide treatment and support services for people with OUD. Access to the additional data will help expand and improve surveillance dashboards being used to coordinate and target resources for preventing overdose deaths.
1R44DA058431-01
Development of an AI-Empowered Device that Utilizes Multimodal Data-Visualization to Aid in the Diagnosis, and Treatment, of OUD Cross-Cutting Research Small Business Programs NIDA WAVI COMPANY ARESE LUCINI, FRANCESCA Englewood, CO 2023
NOFO Title: Developing Regulated Therapeutic and Diagnostic Solutions for Patients Affected by Opioid and/or Stimulants use Disorders (OUD/StUD) (R43/R44 - Clinical Trial Optional)
NOFO Number: RFA-DA-23-021
Summary:

There are a lack of clinical tools to effectively identify and monitor opioid use disorder (OUD). This project will develop and test a clinically usable device that uses a range of data inputs and an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm to help health care providers diagnose and treat OUD. The research aims to help providers choose treatment plans and monitor the timing of release from rehabilitation clinics.
2R44DA053078-02
Developing and Testing the Opioid Rapid Response System Cross-Cutting Research Small Business Programs NIDA REAL PREVENTION, LLC HECHT, MICHAEL (contact); CHOI, HYE JEONG Clifton, NJ 2023
NOFO Title: PHS 2022-2 Omnibus Solicitation of the NIH and CDC for Small Business Innovation Research Grant Applications (Parent SBIR [R43/R44] Clinical Trial Required)
NOFO Number: PA-22-177
Summary:

Reversing an opioid overdose requires a rapid response not available through standard emergency procedures. The Opioid Rapid Response System recruits and trains citizen responders to reverse overdoses with naloxone. It uses widely disseminated smart phone apps linking responders to an overdose through the 911 system. This project will complete the development of this system, test how well it works to reverse an opioid overdose, and prepare to share it widely. 
1R43NS132623-01
Optogenetic Pain Modulator for Non-Opioid Chronic Pain Management Cross-Cutting Research Small Business Programs NINDS OPSIN BIOTHERAPEUTICS, INC. NARCISSE, DARRYL Bedford, TX 2023
NOFO Title: HEAL Initiative: Development of Therapies and Technologies Directed at Enhanced Pain Management (R43/R44 - Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
NOFO Number: RFA-NS-20-011
Summary:

Optogenetics is a method of controlling nerve or brain activity using light-sensitive cell receptors (opsins). Optogenetics has been used in brain research for decades, allowing researchers to understand the brain and its associated disorders by selectively turning on and off specific nerve cells. This project will develop and refine use of an opsin and a light-stimulation device to control nerve cells contributing to the sensation of pain. 
1R61DA059168-01
The Use of Novel Linked Databases to Reduce Postoperative Opioid Use Among Patients Undergoing Inpatient Surgery Cross-Cutting Research Translating Data 2 Action to Prevent Overdose NIDA STANDFORD UNIVERSITY SUN, ERIC (contact); COLQUHOUN, DOUGLAS ALASTAIR Stanford, CA 2023
NOFO Title: HEAL Initiative: HEAL Data2Action – Innovation and Acceleration Projects, Phased Awards (R61/R33, Clinical Trial Optional)
NOFO Number: RFA-DA-23-057
Summary:

Older adults make up more than half of all surgical patients in the United States, putting them at risk for a range of harmful outcomes including misusing opioids, developing opioid use disorder (OUD), opioid overdose, and surgical complications. This project seeks to understand whether pre-surgery interventions can prevent harmful opioid-related outcomes. The research will combine data from a registry of electronic health records and from Medicare claims data to learn about the relationship between these interventions and opioid-related outcomes including persistent opioid use, OUD, and other harmful outcomes.
1R43TR004743-01
The Pain in a Dish Assay (PIDA): A High Throughput System Featuring Human Stem Cell-Derived Nociceptors and Dorsal Horn Neurons to Test Compounds for Analgesic Activity Cross-Cutting Research Small Business Programs NCATS VALA SCIENCES, INC. MCDONOUGH, PATRICK M San Diego, CA 2023
NOFO Title: HEAL INITIATIVE: Development of Therapies and Technologies Directed at Enhanced Pain Management (R43/R44 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
NOFO Number: RFA-NS-23-006
Summary:

This project will develop PIDA, which will allow researchers to measure the activity of pain-sensitive human neurons in response to pain stimuli and potential pain treatments. The tool will use automated digital microscopes in the absence or presence of a potential pain medication. Since this tool contains human neurons, it may be more effective at predicting the efficacy of potential pain drugs in human patients than the animal models that are currently used.
1R21CA277849-01
The Effects of Hydrocodone Rescheduling on Pain Management of Older Lung Cancer Patients Cross-Cutting Research Leveraging Existing and Real-Time Opioid and Pain Management Data NCI PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIV HERSHEY MED CTR SHEN, CHA Hershey, PA 2022
NOFO Title: HEAL Initiative: Secondary Analysis and Integration of Existing Data Related to Acute and Chronic Pain Development or Managementin Humans (R21 Clinical Trials Not Allowed)
NOFO Number: RFA-DE-22-011
Summary:

Pain is common, complex, and debilitating in many cancer patients. Although adequate pain management can significantly improve health-related quality of life for these individuals, substantial disparities limit care access, especially among underserved populations. After the 2014 Drug Enforcement Agency policy that raised the risk potential of the opioid hydrocodone (from Schedule III to Schedule II), few studies examined the impact of this policy on pain management strategies and outcomes among cancer patients. This project will use national cancer registry data linked with Medicare claims to assess the change in opioid and non-opioid medication use among older lung cancer patients before and after this policy change. By focusing on older racial/ethnic minority groups dually eligible for both Medicare and Medicaid, the research will also examine disparities in the use of medications for pain management and service use consistent with inadequate pain management.
1R41AR080620-01A1
Injectable Ice Slurry Cooling Technology for Treatment of Postoperative Pain Cross-Cutting Research Small Business Programs NIAMS BRIXTON BIOSCIENCES, INC. SIDOTI, CHARLES Cambridge, MA 2022
NOFO Title: HEAL Initiative: Development of Therapies and Technologies Directed at Enhanced Pain Management (R41/R42 Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
NOFO Number: RFA-NS-20-009
Summary:

More than 700,000 total knee replacement surgeries are performed each year in the United States to relieve joint pain in patients with end-stage osteoarthritis or rheumatic arthritis. However, many patients still experience significant pain after this procedure, calling for additional long-lasting, drug-free pain management strategies. This project will develop and test a commercial prototype device for persistent knee pain after total knee replacement. The injection-based method freezes peripheral nerves to reduce pain sensation.
3UH3AR076387-02S2
Fibromyalgia TENS in Physical Therapy Study (TIPS): An Embedded Pragmatic Clinical Trial Cross-Cutting Research Increasing Participant Diversity, Inclusion, and Engagement in HEAL Research NIAMS UNIVERSITY OF IOWA SLUKA, KATHLEEN A Iowa City, IA 2022
NOFO Title: HEAL Initiative: Notice of Special Interest (NOSI) regarding the Availability of Administrative Supplements to Support Strategies to Increase Participant Diversity, Inclusion and Engagement in Clinical Studies
NOFO Number: NOT-NS-22-066
Summary:

Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain condition characterized by widespread musculoskeletal pain, tenderness, stiffness, fatigue, and sleep disturbance. The FAST trial (Fibromyalgia Activity Study with transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation [TENS]) was the first study to conclusively demonstrate the clinical value of TENS for treating musculoskeletal pain. While physical therapists are trained in the use of TENS, it is underused in clinical practice. This project will test TENS in fibromyalgia patients receiving physical therapy in a real-world physical therapy practice setting. This research will determine if adding TENS to physical therapy reduces pain, increases adherence to physical therapy and allows fibromyalgia patients to reach their self-defined functional goals with less use of medication.
1R21AG082344-01
Using Secondary Analyses to Test Novel Pathways Linking Family Stress and Pain Incidence and Persistence Among African Americans Cross-Cutting Research Leveraging Existing and Real-Time Opioid and Pain Management Data NIA UT SOUTHWESTERN MEDICAL CENTER WOODS, SARAH B Dallas, TX 2022
NOFO Title: HEAL Initiative: Secondary Analysis and Integration of Existing Data Related to Acute and Chronic Pain Development or Managementin Humans (R21 Clinical Trials Not Allowed)
NOFO Number: RFA-DE-22-011
Summary:

Chronic pain is a persistent source of disability and reduced quality of life for aging adults. Chronic pain-related outcomes are disproportionately worse for aging African Americans, who report greater pain severity and worse pain-related disability compared to White peers. A significant pain risk factor for African Americans is chronic stress (including family-related stress), which is worsened by structural inequities that affect this population. Although many African Americans identify family support as critical for pain self-management, this influence has not been studied thoroughly. This project will study how pain conditions develop and persist for aging African Americans by analyzing existing data from African American participants in two large aging studies: Midlife in the U.S. (721 participants) and the Health and Retirement Study (2,698 participants). The research aims to determine how family emotional climate affects pain risk, taking into account structural factors like discrimination, socioeconomic disparity, and the influence of various neighborhood settings.
1R44NS125745-01A1
Development and Evaluation of Computerized Chemosensory-Based Orbitofrontal Networks Training for Treatment of Pain (CBOT-P) Cross-Cutting Research Small Business Programs NINDS EVON MEDICS, LLC NWAOKOBIA, CHARLES CHIEDU (contact); NWULIA, EVARISTUS A Elkridge, MD 2022
NOFO Title: HEAL INITIATIVE: Development of Therapies and Technologies Directed at Enhanced Pain Management (R43/R44 - Clinical Trial Required)
NOFO Number: RFA-NS-20-010
Summary:

Research shows that individuals with chronic pain may experience brain changes that contribute to anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairment. This project will test a user-friendly, home-based device to treat chronic pain. The device stimulates the brain through olfactory training: repetitive daily stimulation with specific smells. The research will optimize a treatment approach and test the device in a clinical study.
3UH3AR076729-02S1
The Spine Phenome Project: Enhancing Patient Diversity Cross-Cutting Research Increasing Participant Diversity, Inclusion, and Engagement in HEAL Research NIAMS OHIO STATE UNIVERSITY MARRAS, WILLIAM STEVEN Columbus, OH 2022
NOFO Title: HEAL Initiative: Notice of Special Interest (NOSI) regarding the Availability of Administrative Supplements to Support Strategies to Increase Participant Diversity, Inclusion and Engagement in Clinical Studies
NOFO Number: NOT-NS-22-066
Summary:

Chronic pain is a debilitating medical condition that affects roughly 50 million people in the United States. Current diagnostics and treatments rely primarily on subjective metrics and do not target the unique biological, psychological, and social factors that contribute to an individual’s pain. This project is part of the NIH Back Pain Consortium (BACPAC) program, a patient-centered effort to address the need for effective and personalized therapies for chronic low back pain. This research will enhance patient diversity within the BACPAC research participant population.
1R43CA268700-01A1
Pre-clinical Validation of Phase II Peptide LRP-1 Agonist to Treat and Prevent Chemotherapy Induced Peripheral Neuropathy Cross-Cutting Research Small Business Programs NCI SERPIN PHARMA, LLC GELBER, COHAVA (contact); CAMPANA, WENDY M Manassas, VA 2022
NOFO Title: HEAL Initiative: Development of Therapies and Technologies Directed at Enhanced Pain Management (R43/R44 – Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
NOFO Number: RFA-NS-20-011
Summary:

Some chemotherapy treatments damage nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. This condition, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, involves tingling, burning, weakness, or numbness in hands and/or feet and affects nearly 70% of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Common pain medications, including opioids, can relieve pain for short intervals but are not suitable for long-term therapy. This project will develop and test a new type of treatment (reduced size cyclic analogs) for this condition. The research will evaluate the ability of this therapy to reduce inflammation and pain, as well as to repair nerve damage.
1R44CA271904-01A1
Novel Biologic to Treat Chemotherapy-Induced Neuropathic Pain Cross-Cutting Research Small Business Programs NCI RAFT PHARMACEUTICALS, LLC KOGAN, YAKOV San Diego, CA 2022
NOFO Title: HEAL Initiative: Development of Therapies and Technologies Directed at Enhanced Pain Management (R43/R44 – Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
NOFO Number: RFA-NS-20-011
Summary:

Some chemotherapy treatments damage nerves outside the brain and spinal cord. This condition, chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy, involves tingling, burning, weakness, or numbness in hands and/or feet and affects nearly 70% of cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Common pain medications, including opioids, can relieve pain for short intervals but are not suitable for long-term therapy. This project will conduct studies to investigate the safety and tolerability of a novel strategy to treat neuropathic pain: modifying the activity of the dorsal root ganglia, which are nerve cells in the spinal cord that communicate pain signals to and from the brain.
1R01DA057658-01
Weighting Longitudinal Data to Access Opioid Analgesia Tapering Outcomes Among Patients with Co-Occurring Chronic Pain and Substance Use Disorder Cross-Cutting Research Leveraging Existing and Real-Time Opioid and Pain Management Data NIDA LOYOLA UNIVERSITY CHICAGO QEADAN, FARES Maywood, IL 2022
NOFO Title: HEAL Initiative: Data and Methods to Address Urgent Needs to Stem the Opioid Epidemic (R01- Clinical Trial Not Allowed)
NOFO Number: RFA-DA-22-044
Summary:

Guidelines published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2016 recommended gradual reductions in opioid medication doses (opioid tapering) for people with chronic pain and substance use disorder and recommended that those patients with pain and opioid use disorder should be switched to opioid use disorder medications. Despite wide implementation, little is known about the consequences of opioid tapering among patients with co-occurring chronic pain and substance use disorder. This project will use various databases (Cerner Real-World DataTM, American Hospital Association data, and U.S. Census data) to create a representative electronic health records database. This database will be used to determine the relationship between opioid tapering, multidisciplinary pain treatment, and medications for opioid use disorder – as well as monitor outcomes for patients with chronic pain and co-occurring substance use disorder.