Funded Projects

Less than half of youth in the juvenile justice system who meet the criteria for substance use disorders (SUD) have ever received treatment, and less than one third of those received treatment while under community or correctional supervision. SUDs during adolescence can lead to significantly longer periods of substance use, more severe offending, and penetration in the justice system. The Translational Research on Interventions for Adolescents in the Legal System (TRIALS) cooperative is intended to develop and test implementation strategies and associated measures to improve the continuum of substance abuse and HIV prevention and treatment services delivered to youth under juvenile justice supervision.

This multi-site clinical research study will collaborate with six county jails in Illinois and medication-assisted treatment (MAT) providers to test an adapted version of an evidence-based intervention, the Recovery Management Checkups (RMC) model, which provides quarterly check-ups and assistance with treatment retention and re-linkage as indicated at the quarterly check-ups. The study will determine if tailoring the check-ups to an individual’s need for treatment leads to more efficient targeting of resources to those in need, reduces the intervention burden on those with lower need, and results in an improved overall effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of RMC.

Neuropathic pain is a chronic and difficult to treat condition that affects people in different ways. This project aims to personalize treatments based on individual pain profiles. The research will develop an inexpensive test using a technique called quantitative sensory testing to predict how a patient will respond to two common pain medications. The research will also look for other factors in blood that enhance the accuracy of these predictions.

Mindfulness has been shown to be effective in treating chronic low back pain, but it has not been embedded into routine clinical care. The OPTIMUM study (Optimizing Pain Treatment In Medical settings Using Mindfulness) will address barriers to delivering mindfulness in primary care and determine the effectiveness in this setting. This project extends the stakeholder engagement efforts of the OPTIMUM study by increasing the size and responsibilities of the Community Advisory Board, adding focus groups for participants in both study arms, and collecting stories from study nonparticipants about their experience seeking care for chronic low back pain and their views on participating in research. This expanded effort will optimize recruitment of a diverse and underrepresented sample, maximize retention, and prepare for future implementation and dissemination.

This project supports a post-doctoral trainee to develop the skills and knowledge needed to pursue a career in clinical pain research. The research will involve optimizing a GetActive mind-body activity program to overcome barriers that prevent disadvantaged older adult populations in community health clinics from access to non-pharmacological pain management strategies. The research will include qualitative analysis of secondary data, a literature review to evaluate methods, and feasibility for establishing a community advisory board for the GetActive project.

This project will use state-of-the-art technologies to analyze individual cells to characterize how human pain receptors communicate pain between the human dorsal root ganglia and the brain – including how the signals vary across diverse populations. This research will generate useful, high-quality human data about pain for further analysis and re-use by other scientific teams, toward identifying and prioritizing novel therapeutic targets for pain.

There is a compelling need to develop a front line, non-opioid-based acute pain management strategy for outpatient oral surgical procedures. LaunchPad Medical has developed Tetranite® (TN), a novel bone regenerative mineral-organic self-setting adhesive biomaterial. TN has been extensively studied in vivo in a canine jaw model and shown to be effective and well-tolerated. In this project, researchers will demonstrate that drug-loaded TN can be a novel route to providing localized and time release pain medication following wisdom tooth extraction by determining the release profile of various pain medications from TN at different concentrations. The ability to release pain therapeutics in a controlled fashion and directly at the site of injury offers improved pain control following oral surgical procedures without exposing the patient to opioids. This novel approach to pain management can be extended to more invasive orthopedic procedures such as joint replacement, spinal fusions or reconstructive trauma surgery. In Phase II the team will conduct an in vivo study to assess efficacy of medicated TN to address post-operative pain following wisdom tooth odontectomy, optimize incorporation and release of medications in TN formulations, develop cGMP manufacturing process for the compounded product, and ultimately conduct clinical trials for bone void filler using medicated TN.

Acute corneal pain from eye injury or surgery can be severe and debilitating, and oral opioids can be addictive. Anesthetic eye drops, such as tetracaine, can relieve corneal pain, but are only available by prescription due to potential overuse of the drops that may affect wound healing. To date, no ocular anesthetics are approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for use at home. This project aims to develop a bandage that delivers anesthetic to the eye through a specially designed contact lens filled with medication. A prototype version of the bandage lens in an animal model delivered up to 30 hours of eye pain relief without wound damage. This research will optimize the prototype version and evaluate safety and compatibility with the human body, toward future clinical testing in humans. 

Current treatments for chronic pain, including opioids, are not effective for many individuals. Much remains unknown about genes, circuits, and cells that contribute to chronic pain, including how chronic pain changes across the lifespan in certain populations, including infants, children, older people, and pregnant women. This project will develop technology to map the genes, circuits, and cells associated with pain across ages, sexes, and during pregnancy. The technologies will guide the search for new biomarkers for chronic pain diagnosis and treatments.

Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a key driver of the current opioid epidemic in the United States, but nearly 80% of individuals with OUD do not receive treatment. Buprenorphine medication-assisted treatment (MAT) is an effective form of care for OUD. This project will develop a state-of-the-art, digital therapeutic tool that effectively promotes buprenorphine adherence by providing contingency management rewards and educational content and enables home induction using a new self-monitoring support tool. This tool, named reSET-O+, will be integrated with Pear Therapeutics’ reSET-O, an FDA market-authorized mobile application delivering validated behavioral therapy and intended for use in conjunction with buprenorphine and standard outpatient treatment for OUD.

Although there are effective prevention and treatment programs and services to address opioid misuse, opioid use disorder (OUD), and overdose, gaps remain between those needing and those receiving prevention and treatment, in part because of a need to better understand how to make these programs and services most effective at a local level. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration (SAMHSA) launched the HEALing Communities Study to generate evidence about how tools for preventing and treating opioid misuse and OUD are most effective at the local level. This multisite implementation research study will test the impact of an integrated set of evidence-based practices across health care, behavioral health, justice, and other community-based settings. The goal of the study is to reduce opioid-related overdose deaths by 40 percent over three years. Boston Medical Center is partnering with academic institutions in three other states to study the impact of these efforts in 67 highly affected communities. The study will also look at the effectiveness of coordinated systems of care designed to increase the number of individuals receiving medication to treat OUD, increase the distribution of naloxone, and reduce high-risk opioid prescribing.

Endometriosis is a gynecologic disorder characterized by severe pelvic pain, affecting 10% of reproductive aged women and adolescents worldwide. These individuals are at an increased risk for chronic opioid use, dependence, and overdose. Adolescents and young adults in particular are understudied in endometriosis research. This project will conduct a longitudinal study of adolescent endometriosis. The research will identify novel biomarkers and biological pathways involved in the transition of acute to chronic pain. The research aims to improve non-surgical endometriosis diagnosis, risk, and treatment. 

Inhibitors of the epigenetic enzymes histone deacetylases (HDACs) produce analgesic responses and are therefore therapeutic targets for pain. The research team recently resolved a PET imaging agent, [11C]Martinostat, that selectively binds to a subset of HDAC enzymes. A series of initial proof-of-concept clinical validation studies will be conducted to evaluate whether [11C]Martinostat PET is a sensitive biomarker to detect the typical (axial) chronic low back pain (cLBP). The research team will validate [11C]Martinostat PET’s ability to differentiate subtypes of pain by comparing axial cLBP and other cLBP patients with radiculopathy and longitudinally study subacute LBP patients (sLBP) to investigate whether there is a unique imaging signature that differentiates patients who develop cLBP and those who recover from low back pain. Using [11C]Martinostat to understand HDAC expression changes in chronic pain patients will validate an epigenetic drug target, refine patient selection based on HDAC expression, and facilitate proof of mechanism in developing novel analgesics.